Glossary of Names

Asquith, Lady, afterwards Countess of Oxford, wife of H. H. Asquith, leader of Liberal party, long Prime Minister. Became famous as Margot Tennant, one of the founders of the famous Society of Souls, before she became wife of the man who was Prime Minister on outbreak of World War I.

Balfour, Arthur, later Lord Balfour. Founder of the Society of Souls, Chief Secretary for Ireland during the days of Parnellism and crime. Nephew of Lord Salisbury and himself Prime Minister several times.

Bernsdorff, Count Johann, Imperial German Ambassador to United States until our entrance into the war. Frequently warned his government of the danger of the submarine threat.

Bliss, Tasker H., chosen by the President to represent the United States on Supreme War Council and later a delegate to the Peace Conference. He was military adviser to the President. An excellent soldier who had had much experience in legal and financial matters with our Army of Occupation in Cuba.

Bratianu, Jan, Prime Minister and tireless worker for the Greater Roumania; often by methods which those who liked him not—their name was legion—qualified as Byzantinian.

Brockdorff-Rantzau, Count Ulrich, scion of an ancient Holstein family. The unfortunate choice of Weimar government to receive Versailles Treaty. Resigned rather than sign and labored as long as he lived to prevent its fulfillment. Later, as Ambassador to Russia, sought to align the Soviets against the Western world.

Chotek, Countess Sophie, daughter of the ancient but impoverished Bohemian family of that name, married morganatically to Archduke Francis Ferdinand and shared his fate at Sarajevo.

Cobb, Frank, long chief editorial writer of the New York World, a famous newspaperman, one of the few whom Wilson suffered gladly.

Clemenceau, Georges, Premier and saviour of France at seventy-nine, at times a little sensitive as to his age, and yet not a little proud that as a first-line fighter he had contributed so powerfully to the salvation of France. The only survivor of the French Deputies who signed at Bordeaux the eloquent protest against the peace imposed by German bayonets in 1871. His four years of far-from-luxurious exile in America, to escape Napoleon the Little, had taught him much, including a command of nervous American-English. He had an engaging habit of standing between Wilson and House, saying, “Now we Americans must stand together,” and then violently attacking their policy.

Diamandy, Constantin, second Roumanian delegate to the Conference, with many interesting experiences of his stay in Russia during the revolutionary period, 1917-18.

Franklin-Bouillon, Henry, stormy petrel of French politics, often called “The Gadfly” of the Clemenceau ministry. Persistent in his attacks on Clemenceau in the Chamber, where, unfortunately, he was ranking member of the Foreign Affairs Committee. He prophesied that the American Congress would never ratify the Rhine Agreement to march to the aid of France if invaded.

Frazier, Arthur Hugh, veteran of the Foreign Service, long Secretary of our Legation in Vienna, Rome, and later at the Embassy at Paris. Sat in the place of House on the Supreme War Council while the Colonel was in Washington in 1918. Later U.S. Commissioner in Vienna and Athens during the unsettled period following the war, handling American affairs in the absence of normal diplomatic representation.

Garbai, Alexander, head of the Interim Government in Hungary between the Karolyi and the Bela Kun regimes.

Grayson, Cary, an extraordinarily ingratiating personality, a navy doctor who became an admiral and was successively the intimate friend of three Presidents as widely different as Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft, and Woodrow Wilson.

Greene, Warwick (son of Francis Vinton Greene, who commanded a brigade in the pacification of the Philippines, 1899), Secretary to W. Cameron Forbes, Governor General of the Islands; later Chief of the Bureau of Public Works.

Hitchcock, Gilbert, editor from Omaha, long Senator from Nebraska, ranking Democrat on Foreign Relations Committee in charge of the struggle to secure ratification of the Versailles Treaty.

House, Edward M., Texas-born world traveler, maker of governors in the Lone Star State for two decades. In 1911, seeking a wider field of activity, he contributed largely to the nomination and election of Wilson in 1912. Entrusted with many diplomatic missions, both at home and abroad, by the first Democratic President since the days of Grover Cleveland. The President’s chief lieutenant at the Peace Conference.

Hymans, Paul, long Foreign Minister of Belgium, inclined to interpret the Fourteen Points in an imperialistic sense. After the war an unfortunate influence in all the meetings of the League of Nations. Most suspicious of the Great Powers.

Jagow, Gottlieb von, Minister for Foreign Affairs of German Empire during a critical period of the war. Eased out by the growing power of military leaders Hindenburg and Ludendorff.

Klotz, Louis Lucien, Finance Minister in the Clemenceau cabinet, an ardent advocate of extracting the last penny from Germany.

Kramar, Karel, Chief Minister of the Czechoslovak Republic under Masaryk, represented his newly born country on commission to draft the Covenant. In 1917, while still a member of the Austrian Reichsrath, he was charged with treason and condemned to be hanged. The only delegate to the Conference who enjoyed this high distinction. The sentence of the court, however, was not carried out.

Kun, Bela, the mysterious adventurer who proclaimed a Soviet republic in Hungary and defied the powers for five months.

Lansing, Robert, Secretary of State, legal adviser and counselor of the Department, succeeded Mr. Bryan when the Great Commoner disagreed with the President over the correspondence dealing with the sinking of the Lusitania. His usefulness at the Conference was limited by the fact that the President disliked lawyers, particularly international lawyers. “They have made such a mess of world affairs”—a remark that was often on his lips.

Lippmann, Walter, famous journalist and writer, secretary in Paris for a few weeks during the Armistice negotiations of the “Enquiry,” a study group set up under Colonel House to prepare material and information for the guidance of the American delegation. Worked with Frank Cobb on the glossary, so-called—an amplification of the Fourteen Points.

Lloyd George, little “Davy” of Wales. Most hated man in Britain in 1900, the sword and buckler of the Empire in World War I. Succeeded Mr. Asquith as Prime Minister in the darkest hour of the war. Overthrown in 1922. The oldest member of Parliament today and an influential one, although without a party.

Lodge, Henry Cabot, long Senator from Massachusetts. Early in the war he advocated an association for the maintenance of world peace, but as Wilson developed his plan for the League and the Covenant Lodge bitterly opposed them; more than any other man he brought about the defeat of the Wilsonian policies.

McCormick, Vance, Pennsylvanian, chairman of the National Democratic Committee; filled many positions in the Wilson administration during the World War.

Miller, Hunter, legal adviser of the American delegation, member of drafting committee, later in charge of historical publications of Department of State.

Nurar, Pasha (Boghos), son of the famous statesman, member of the wealthy Armenian family, long seated in Egypt. Able and ardent advocate of the Armenian cause.

Pessoa, Epitacio, representative of Brazil at the Conference. While there elected President of Brazil; loyal supporter of Wilsonian policies.

Renner, Karl, first Chancellor of the Austrian Republic, most able and sensible man, long editor of Arbeiter Zeitung, organ of the Austrian Social Democratic party.

Scialoja, Giuseppe, Senator, later Minister for Foreign Affairs, a subtle opponent of the new order and everything that President Wilson stood for; a hardworking member of the Italian delegation under Premier Orlando.

Smith, Hoke, member of President Cleveland’s cabinet, long Senator from Georgia, not overfriendly to the Wilson policies.

Venizelos, Eleutherios, Prime Minister of Greece, began as a guerrilla fighter in the mountains of Crete. Was one of the most polished of the delegates at Versailles. He suffered from the fact he was so charming that everybody was afraid of him.

Vesnitch, Milenko, second Serbian delegate, lieutenant to Prime Minister Pasitch; had been Minister to Washington and Paris, and had an American wife.

White, Henry, Maryland-born, a resident of Rhode Island when at home— which was rarely the case. Secretary of the United States Legation in Vienna and London, Ambassador to Italy and to France, American representative at the Conference of Algeciras. He knew Europe well, but Mr. Wilson did not avail himself of this knowledge to any great extent.

Wiseman, Sir William, former British soldier, later in Intelligence work in United States; enjoyed the confidence of Lloyd George and Balfour, employed by them on many confidential missions.